Why Hand-Scraped Flooring?

So many types of flooring possibilities exist on the market, so why hand-scraped hardwood and why now? Trends for hardwoods come and go. In recent years, the demand for exotic species has grown, and even more closer to the present, requests for hand-scraped flooring are also increasing. As a result, nearly all species are available hand-scraped, but walnut, hickory, cherry, and oak are the most popular.

In the past, parquet was a popular style of flooring, and while seldom seen in the present, parquet was characterized by an angular style and contrasting woods. Not relying on color, hand-scraped flooring instead goes for texture. The wood is typically scraped by hand, creating a rustic and unique look for every plank. But rather than be exclusively rough, some hand-scraped products have a smoother sculpted look, such as hand-sculpted hardwood, and this flooring is often considered "classic."

Texture, as well, makes the flooring have additional visual and tactile dimensions. Those walking on the floor may just want to run their hands over the surface to feel the knots, scraping, and sculpted portions. However, tastes for hand-scraped flooring vary by region. According to top hardwood manufacturer Armstrong, the sculpted look is more requested in California, while a rustic appearance of knots, mineral streaks, and graining is more common in the Southwest. The Northeast, on the other hand, is just catching onto this trend.

There's no one look for hand-scraped flooring. Rather, hardwood is altered through scraping or brushing, finishing, or aging; a combination of such techniques may also be used.

Scraped or brushed hardwoods are sold under names "wire brushed," which has accented grain and no sapwood; "hand-sculpted," which indicates a smoother distressed appearance; and "hand hewn and rough sawn," which describes the roughest product available.

Aged hand-scraped products go by "time worn aged" or "antique." For both of these, the wood is aged, and then the appearance is accented through dark-colored staining, highlighting the grain, or contouring. A lower grade of hardwood is used for antique.

A darker stain tends to bring out the look of hand-scraped flooring. For woods that have specifically been stained, "French bleed" is the most common. Such a product has deeper beveled edges, and joints are emphasized with a darker color stain.

No matter the look for hand-scraped flooring, the hardwood is altered by hand, generally by a trained craftsman, such as an Amish woodworker. As a result, every plank looks unique. However, "hand-scraped" and "distressed" are often used interchangeably, but not all "distressed" products are altered by hand. Instead, the hardwood is distressed by machine, which presses a pattern into the surface of the wood.

Source:http://www.articlesbase.com/home-improvement-articles/why-hand-scraped-flooring-5488704.html

Scraping By

In his classic 1976 Chesapeake portrait, Beautiful Swimmers, William Warner described the scrape boat as "a workboat unlike any other I had ever seen on the Bay." Seeming half as wide as it was long, he said, it looked like a "a miniature battleship." There's a reason for that, of course. It's a classic case of form following function; the boat evolved for one purpose, to ply the Bay's grassy shallows for shedding blue crabs.

Said to "float on a heavy dew," scrape boats run from 26 to 30 feet long and 9 to 10 feet wide. The hull is a shallow-V deadrise that quickly flattens toward the stern, enabling the boat to pull its twin scrapes—rectangular steel frames, each with a trailing mesh bag—in knee-deep waters. The broad beam might sound ungainly, but the hull tapers toward the stern—betraying its sailboat origins. And it has a graceful sheer, flowing from a bow height of a few feet to little more than a foot above the water amidships.

And you want a low freeboard when you spend the whole day hoisting aboard scrapes, which weigh 50 pounds apiece, not including the load of sea grass and crabs that come in too. Low sides or not, there's a higher than average inci-dence of back problems among scrape boat crabbers. They spend long days bending in precisely the position back doctors say puts undue pressure on the lower back as they sort through rolls of grasses to pluck out the peelers and softies. And that alone may be why crab potting is now the far more common way of catching soft crabs.

Some people think that's good, assuming that dragging a scrape across the Bay's beleaguered grass flats must be destructive. But the smooth bar of the scrape, unlike a toothed dredge, doesn't uproot grasses. In fact, where scraping is traditional, the grass beds seem relatively resilient. I've often thought if Maryland and Virginia had stuck with scraping as the major legal way to soft-crab, overfishing might not have become a problem. Pots can be deployed everywhere and by the thousands, whereas scraping is limited to grass beds and to ground covered at three miles per hour; and even the sturdiest waterman can only pull two of them by hand. But peeler pots seem here to stay, and other soft crabbers have taken to using a single, large scrape operated from larger workboats by hydraulic power.

The bottom line is that these lovely, superbly functional expressions of Chesapeake crabbing culture now number only in the dozens, if you count working, wooden models. There are some fiberglass scrape boat hulls in service, and a Carolina skiff or two has been adapted for the task. They are functional, but have little art to them.

It is probably a sign of how fast scrape boats are going that the Smithsonian Institution recently took the lines off Darlene, a scraper worked by Morris Marsh of Smith Island, for its archives. You can see photos of scrape boats, and learn more about the 140-year old history of scraping, from Paula Johnson's fine book, The Workboats of Smith Island. Mr. Marsh, still going strong in his late 60s, is the scraper who took Warner out nearly 40 years ago when he was researching Beautiful Swimmers.

Indeed, scraping seems to win over those who master it. Marsh's father-in-law, Ed Harrison, scraped for almost 70 years, nearly wearing through the cross-planked bottom of his boat—from the inside—with decades of walking the planks, tending his scrapes. And an islander who scrapes with Marsh today, David Laird, says he is 71—one year younger than Scotty Boy, the scrape boat he took over from his dad in 1958. "I wouldn't even know how to crab in another boat," Laird says.

Soft crabs may well be caught—or farmed—a century from now on the Chesapeake; but no one will devise a way to take them so intimately and beautifully from the shallowest marsh edges and tiniest crevices in the shore as the scrapers do.

Source:http://www.articlesbase.com/culture-articles/scraping-by-1560919.html

Scraping table from any web page with R or CloudStat

Scraping table from any web page with R or CloudStat:

You need to use the data from internet, but don’t type, you can just extract or scrape them if you know the web URL.

Thanks to XML package from R. It provides amazing readHTMLtable() function.

For a study case,

I want to scrape data:

    US Airline Customer Score.
    World Top Chess Players (Men).

A. Scraping US Airline Customer Score table from

http://www.theacsi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=147&catid=&Itemid=212&i=Airlines

Code:

airline = ‘http://www.theacsi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=147&catid=&Itemid=212&i=Airlines’

airline.table = readHTMLTable(airline, header=T, which=1,stringsAsFactors=F)

Result:

> library(XML)

Warning message:

package "XML" was built under R version 2.14.1

> airline = "http://www.theacsi.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=147&catid=&Itemid=212&i=Airlines"
> airline.table = readHTMLTable(airline, header=T, which=1,stringsAsFactors=F)
> airline.table

                     Base-line 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
1          Southwest        78 76 76 76 74 72 70 70 74 75 73 74 74 76 79 81 79
2         All Others        NM 70 74 70 62 67 63 64 72 74 73 74 74 75 75 77 75
3           Airlines        72 69 69 67 65 63 63 61 66 67 66 66 65 63 62 64 66
4        Continental        67 64 66 64 66 64 62 67 68 68 67 70 67 69 62 68 71
5           American        70 71 71 62 67 64 63 62 63 67 66 64 62 60 62 60 63
6             United        71 67 70 68 65 62 62 59 64 63 64 61 63 56 56 56 60
7         US Airways        72 67 66 68 65 61 62 60 63 64 62 57 62 61 54 59 62
8              Delta        77 72 67 69 65 68 66 61 66 67 67 65 64 59 60 64 62
9 Northwest Airlines        69 71 67 64 63 53 62 56 65 64 64 64 61 61 57 57 61

  11 PreviousYear%Change FirstYear%Change

1 81                 2.5              3.8
3 65                -1.5             -9.7
4 64                -9.9             -4.5
5 63                 0.0            -10.0
7 61                -1.6            -15.3
8 56                -9.7            -27.3
9  #                 N/A              N/A

>

B. Scraping World Top Chess players (Men) table from http://ratings.fide.com/top.phtml?list=men

Code:

chess = ‘http://ratings.fide.com/top.phtml?list=men’
chess.table = readHTMLTable(chess, header=T, which=5,stringsAsFactors=F)

Result:

> chess = "http://ratings.fide.com/top.phtml?list=men"
> chess.table = readHTMLTable(chess, header=T, which=5,stringsAsFactors=F)
> chess.table

     Rank                       Name Title Country Rating Games B-Year

1      1           Carlsen, Magnus    g    NOR  2835   17  1990
2      2            Aronian, Levon    g    ARM  2805   25  1982
3      3         Kramnik, Vladimir    g    RUS  2801   17  1975
4      4        Anand, Viswanathan    g    IND  2799   17  1969
5      5         Radjabov, Teimour    g    AZE  2773    9  1987
6      6          Topalov, Veselin    g    BUL  2770    9  1975
7      7          Karjakin, Sergey    g    RUS  2769   16  1990
8      8         Ivanchuk, Vassily    g    UKR  2766   16  1969
9      9     Morozevich, Alexander    g    RUS  2763    6  1977
10    10           Gashimov, Vugar    g    AZE  2761    9  1986
11    11       Grischuk, Alexander    g    RUS  2761    8  1983
12    12          Nakamura, Hikaru    g    USA  2759   17  1987
13    13            Svidler, Peter    g    RUS  2749   17  1976
14    14    Mamedyarov, Shakhriyar    g    AZE  2747    9  1985
15    15       Tomashevsky, Evgeny    g    RUS  2740    0  1987
16    16            Gelfand, Boris    g    ISR  2739    9  1968
17    17          Caruana, Fabiano    g    ITA  2736   19  1992
18    18       Nepomniachtchi, Ian    g    RUS  2735   16  1990
19    19                 Wang, Hao    g    CHN  2733    6  1989
20    20              Kamsky, Gata    g    USA  2732    0  1974
21    21  Dominguez Perez, Leinier    g    CUB  2730    6  1983
22    22         Jakovenko, Dmitry    g    RUS  2729    0  1983
23    23        Ponomariov, Ruslan    g    UKR  2727   13  1983
24    24          Vitiugov, Nikita    g    RUS  2726    1  1987
25    25            Adams, Michael    g    ENG  2724   17  1971
26    26               Leko, Peter    g    HUN  2720    9  1979
27    27            Almasi, Zoltan    g    HUN  2717    8  1976
28    28               Giri, Anish    g    NED  2714   15  1994
29    29            Le, Quang Liem    g    VIE  2714    0  1991
30    30             Navara, David    g    CZE  2712    8  1985
31    31            Shirov, Alexei    g    LAT  2710   13  1972
32    32             Polgar, Judit    g    HUN  2710    0  1976
33    33     Riazantsev, Alexander    g    RUS  2710    0  1985
34    34       Wojtaszek, Radoslaw    g    POL  2706    8  1987
35    35      Moiseenko, Alexander    g    UKR  2706    7  1980
36    36   Vallejo Pons, Francisco    g    ESP  2705   15  1982
37    37        Malakhov, Vladimir    g    RUS  2705    0  1980
38    38            Jobava, Baadur    g    GEO  2704   23  1983
39    39           Bacrot, Etienne    g    FRA  2704   14  1983
40    40          Laznicka, Viktor    g    CZE  2704    8  1988
41    41            Sutovsky, Emil    g    ISR  2703    8  1977
42    42        Naiditsch, Arkadij    g    GER  2702   14  1985
43    43         Movsesian, Sergei    g    ARM  2700    9  1978
44    44       Sasikiran, Krishnan    g    IND  2700    9  1981
45    45   Vachier-Lagrave, Maxime    g    FRA  2699   13  1990
46    46            Dreev, Aleksey    g    RUS  2698    6  1969
47    47           Efimenko, Zahar    g    UKR  2695    8  1985
48    48         Volokitin, Andrei    g    UKR  2695    0  1986
49    49                 Wang, Yue    g    CHN  2694    6  1987
50    50        Fressinet, Laurent    g    FRA  2693   17  1981
51    51                Li, Chao b    g    CHN  2693    6  1989
52    52            Grachev, Boris    g    RUS  2693    0  1986
53    53      Nielsen, Peter Heine    g    DEN  2693    0  1973
54    54            Van Wely, Loek    g    NED  2692   13  1972
55    55    Bruzon Batista, Lazaro    g    CUB  2691   19  1982
56    56           McShane, Luke J    g    ENG  2691    8  1984
57    57            Eljanov, Pavel    g    UKR  2690   10  1983
58    58      Kasimdzhanov, Rustam    g    UZB  2689   14  1979
59    59         Inarkiev, Ernesto    g    RUS  2689    6  1985
60    60         Zvjaginsev, Vadim    g    RUS  2688    8  1976
61    61         Andreikin, Dmitry    g    RUS  2688    0  1990
62    62    Areshchenko, Alexander    g    UKR  2688    0  1986
63    63         Rublevsky, Sergei    g    RUS  2686    0  1974
64    64         Akopian, Vladimir    g    ARM  2685    8  1971
65    65          Potkin, Vladimir    g    RUS  2684    0  1982
66    66       Sargissian, Gabriel    g    ARM  2683   15  1983
67    67            Berkes, Ferenc    g    HUN  2682   16  1985
68    68           Bologan, Viktor    g    MDA  2680   15  1971
69    69          Bauer, Christian    g    FRA  2679   24  1977
70    70          Tiviakov, Sergei    g    NED  2677   22  1973
71    71            Short, Nigel D    g    ENG  2677   15  1965
72    72        Motylev, Alexander    g    RUS  2677    6  1979
73    73         Gharamian, Tigran    g    FRA  2676    0  1984
74    74          Kobalia, Mikhail    g    RUS  2673    0  1978
75    75              Meier, Georg    g    GER  2671    9  1987
76    76       Onischuk, Alexander    g    USA  2670   13  1975
77    77              Bu, Xiangzhi    g    CHN  2670    6  1985
78    78          Alekseev, Evgeny    g    RUS  2670    0  1985
79    79            Azarov, Sergei    g    BLR  2667    0  1983
80    80        Kryvoruchko, Yuriy    g    UKR  2666    0  1986
81    81             Balogh, Csaba    g    HUN  2665    8  1987
82    82           Harikrishna, P.    g    IND  2665    6  1986
83    83       Khismatullin, Denis    g    RUS  2664    8  1984
84    84   Nguyen, Ngoc Truong Son    g    VIE  2662    6  1990
85    85           Fridman, Daniel    g    GER  2660   11  1976
86    86              Smirin, Ilia    g    ISR  2660    7  1968
87    87               Ding, Liren    g    CHN  2660    6  1992
88    88         Sadler, Matthew D    g    ENG  2660    3  1974
89    89            Korobov, Anton    g    UKR  2660    0  1985
90    90          Cheparinov, Ivan    g    BUL  2659   18  1986
91    91          Timofeev, Artyom    g    RUS  2659    0  1985
92    92           Georgiev, Kiril    g    BUL  2658   17  1965
93    93           Bartel, Mateusz    g    POL  2658    9  1985
94    94          Zhigalko, Sergei    g    BLR  2658    8  1989
95    95         Feller, Sebastien    g    FRA  2658    0  1991
96    96            Ragger, Markus    g    AUT  2655   17  1988
97    97         Jones, Gawain C B    g    ENG  2653   27  1987
98    98                So, Wesley    g    PHI  2653    5  1993
99    99              Milov, Vadim    g    SUI  2653    0  1972
100  100           Gupta, Abhijeet    g    IND  2652    9  1989
101  101            Postny, Evgeny    g    ISR  2652    8  1981
102  102             Roiz, Michael    g    ISR  2652    6  1983
103  103           Gyimesi, Zoltan    g    HUN  2652    4  1977
104  104          Nikolic, Predrag    g    BIH  2652    2  1960

>

Done. You had successfully scraping data from any web page with R or CloudStat.

Then, you can analyze as usual! Great! No more retype the data. Enjoy!

Source: http://www.r-bloggers.com/scraping-table-from-any-web-page-with-r-or-cloudstat/

Basic Information About Tooth Extraction Cost

In order to maintain the good health of teeth, one must be devoted and must take proper care of one's teeth. Dentists play a huge role in this regard and their support is important in making people aware of their oral conditions, so that they receive the necessary health services concerning the problems of the mouth.

The flat fee of teeth-extraction varies from place to place. Nonetheless, there are still some average figures that people can refer to. Simple extraction of teeth might cause around 75 pounds, but if people need to remove the wisdom teeth, the extraction cost would be higher owing to the complexity of extraction involved.

There are many ways people can adopt in order to reduce the cost of extraction of tooth. For instance, they can purchase the insurance plans covering medical issues beforehand. When conditions arise that might require extraction, these insurance claims can take care of the costs involved.

Some of the dental clinics in the country are under the network of Medicare system. Therefore, it is possible for patients to make claims for these plans to reduce the amount of money expended in this field. People are not allowed to make insurance claims while they undergo cosmetic dental care like diamond implants, but extraction of teeth is always regarded as a necessity for patients; so most of the claims that are made in this front are settled easily.

It is still possible for them to pay less at the moment of the treatment, even if they have not opted for dental insurance policies. Some of the clinics offer plans which would allow patients to pay the tooth extraction cost in the form of installments. This is one of the better ways that people can consider if they are unable to pay the entire cost of tooth extraction immediately.

In fact, the cost of extracting one tooth is not very high and it is affordable to most people. Of course, if there are many other oral problems that you encounter, the extraction cost would be higher. Dentists would also consider the other problems you have and charge you additional fees accordingly. Not brushing the teeth regularly might aid in the development of plaque and this can make the cost of tooth extraction higher.

Maintaining a good oral health is important and it reflects the overall health of an individual.

To conclude, you need to know the information about cost of extraction so you can get the right service and must also follow certain easy practices to reduce the tooth extraction cost.

Source:http://ezinearticles.com/?Basic-Information-About-Tooth-Extraction-Cost&id=6623204

Importance of Data Mining Services in Business

Data mining is used in re-establishment of hidden information of the data of the algorithms. It helps to extract the useful information starting from the data, which can be useful to make practical interpretations for the decision making.

It can be technically defined as automated extraction of hidden information of great databases for the predictive analysis. In other words, it is the retrieval of useful information from large masses of data, which is also presented in an analyzed form for specific decision-making. Although data mining is a relatively new term, the technology is not. It is thus also known as Knowledge discovery in databases since it grip searching for implied information in large databases.

It is primarily used today by companies with a strong customer focus - retail, financial, communication and marketing organizations. It is having lot of importance because of its huge applicability. It is being used increasingly in business applications for understanding and then predicting valuable data, like consumer buying actions and buying tendency, profiles of customers, industry analysis, etc. It is used in several applications like market research, consumer behavior, direct marketing, bioinformatics, genetics, text analysis, e-commerce, customer relationship management and financial services.

However, the use of some advanced technologies makes it a decision making tool as well. It is used in market research, industry research and for competitor analysis. It has applications in major industries like direct marketing, e-commerce, customer relationship management, scientific tests, genetics, financial services and utilities.

Data mining consists of major elements:

•    Extract and load operation data onto the data store system.
•    Store and manage the data in a multidimensional database system.
•    Provide data access to business analysts and information technology professionals.
•    Analyze the data by application software.
•    Present the data in a useful format, such as a graph or table.

The use of data mining in business makes the data more related in application. There are several kinds of data mining: text mining, web mining, relational databases, graphic data mining, audio mining and video mining, which are all used in business intelligence applications. Data mining software is used to analyze consumer data and trends in banking as well as many other industries.

Source:http://ezinearticles.com/?Importance-of-Data-Mining-Services-in-Business&id=2601221

RAM Scraping a New Old Favorite For Hackers

Some of the best stories involve a conflict with an old enemy: a friend-turned-foe, long thought dead, returning from the grave for violent retribution; an ancient order of dark siders from the distant reaches of the galaxy, hiding in plain sight and waiting to seize power for themselves; a dark lord thought destroyed millennia ago, only to rise again and seek his favorite piece of jewelry.  The list goes on.

Granted, 2011 isn’t quite “millennia,” and this story isn’t meant for entertainment, but the old foe in this instance is nonetheless dangerous in its own right.  That is the year when RAM scraping malware first made major headlines: originating as an advanced version of the Trackr malware, controlled through a botnet, it was discovered in the compromised Point of Sale (POS) systems of a university and several hotels.  And while it seemed recently that this method had dwindled in popularity, the Target and other retail breaches saw it return with a vengeance.  With 110 million Target customers having their information compromised, it was easily one the largest incidents involving memory scrapers.

How does it work?  First, the malware has to be introduced into the POS network, which can happen via any machine that is connected to the network, or unsecured wireless networks.  Even with firewalls, an infected laptop could serve as a vector.  Once installed, the malware can hide in the shadows, employing encryption or antivirus-avoiding tools to prevent its identification until it’s ready to strike.  Then, when a customer’s card gets used at a POS machine, the data contained within—name, card number, security code, etc.—gets sent to the system memory.  “There is that opportunity to steal the credit card information when it is in memory, perhaps even before your payment has even been authorized, and the data hasn't even been written to the hard drive yet,” says security researcher Graham Cluley.

So, why not encrypt the system’s memory, when it’s at its most vulnerable?  Not that simple, sadly: “No matter how strong your encryption is, if the system needs to process data or process the code, everything needs to be decrypted in memory,” Chris Elisan, principal malware scientist at security firm RSA, explained to Dark Reading.

There are certain steps a company can take, of course, and should take, to reduce the risk.  Strong passwords to access the POS machines, firewalls to isolate the POS network from the Internet, disabling remote access to POS systems, to name a few.  All the same, while these measures are vital and should be used, I don’t think, in light of recent breaches, they are sufficient.  Now, I wrote a short time ago about the impending October 2014 deadline imposed by the credit card industry, regarding the systematic switch to chipped credit card technology; adopting this standard will definitely assist in eradicating this problem.  But, until such a time when a widespread implementation of new systems comes about, always be vigilant to protect your data from attack, because what’s old is new again, and a colossal data breach is a story consumers are liable to seek financial restitution for.

Source:http://www.netlib.com/blog/application-security/RAM-Scraping-a-New-Old-Favorite-For-Hackers.asp

ScraperWiki: A story about two boys, web scraping and a worm

“It’s like a buddy movie.” she said.
Not quite the kind of story lead I’m used to. But what do you expect if you employ journalists in a tech startup?
“Tell them about that computer game of his that you bought with your pocket money.”
She means the one with the risqué name.
I think I’d rather tell you about screen scraping, and why it is fundamental to the nature of data.

About how Julian spent almost a decade scraping himself to death until deciding to step back out and build a tool to make it easier.

I’ll give one example.
Two boys
In 2003, Julian wanted to know how his MP had voted on the Iraq war.
The lists of votes were there, on the www.parliament.uk website. But buried behind dozens of mouse clicks.
Julian and I wrote some software to read the pages for us, and created what eventually became TheyWorkForYou.

We could slice and dice the votes, mix them with some knowledge from political anaroks, and create simple sentences. Mini computer generated stories.

“Louise Ellman voted very strongly for the Iraq war.”
You can see it, and other stories, there now. Try the postcode of the ScraperWiki office, L3 5RF.

I remember the first lobbiest I showed it to. She couldn’t believe it. Decades of work done in an instant by a computer. An encyclopedia of data there in a moment.

Web Scraping

It might seem like a trick at first, as if it was special to Parliament. But actually, everyone does this kind of thing.

Google search is just a giant screen scraper, with one secret sauce algorithm guessing its ranking data.
Facebook uses scraping as a core part of its viral growth to let users easily import their email address book.

There’s lots of messy data in the world. Talk to a geek or a tech company, and you’ll find a screen scraper somewhere.

Why is this?
It’s Tautology

On the surface, screen scrapers look just like devices to work round incomplete IT systems.

Parliament used to publish quite rough HTML, and certainly had no database of MP voting records. So yes, scrapers are partly a clever trick to get round that.

But even if Parliament had published it in a structured format, their publishing would never have been quite right for what we wanted to do.

We still would have had to write a data loader (search for ‘ETL’ to see what a big industry that is). We still would have had to refine the data, linking to other datasets we used about MPs. We still would have had to validate it, like when we found the dead MP who voted.

It would have needed quite a bit of programming, that would have looked very much like a screen scraper.

And then, of course, we still would have had to build the application, connecting the data to the code that delivered the tool that millions of wonks and citizens use every year.

Core to it all is this: When you’re reusing data for a new purpose, a purpose the original creator didn’t intend, you have to work at it.

Put like that, it’s a tautology.
A journalist doesn’t just want to know what the person who created the data wanted them to know.
Scrape Through
So when Julian asked me to be CEO of ScraperWiki, that’s what went through my head.
Secrets buried everywhere.

The same kind of benefits we found for politics in TheyWorkForYou, but scattered across a hundred countries of public data, buried in a thousand corporate intranets.

If only there was a tool for that.
A Worm
And what about my pocket money?
Nicola was talking about Fat Worm Blows a Sparky.
Julian’s boss’s wife gave it its risqué name while blowing bubbles in the bath. It was 1986. Computers were new. He was 17.

Fat Worm cost me £9.95. I was 12.
[Loading screen]
I was on at most £1 a week, so that was ten weeks of savings.
Luckily, the 3D graphics were incomprehensibly good for the mid 1980s. Wonder who the genius programmer is.
I hadn’t met him yet, but it was the start of this story.

Source:https://blog.scraperwiki.com/2011/05/scraperwiki-a-story-about-two-boys-web-scraping-and-a-worm/

Multiple Listing Service Gets Favorable Appellate Ruling in Scraping Lawsuit

This is a follow-up to our massive post on anti-scraping lawsuits in the real estate industry from New Year’s Eve 2012 (Note: the portion on MRIS is about halfway through the post, labeled “Same Writ, Different Plaintiff”).

AHRN is a California real estate broker that owns and operates NeighborCity.com. The site gets its data in part by scraping from MLS databases–in this case, MRIS. As part of the scraping, however, AHRN had collected and displayed copyrighted photographs among the bits and pieces of general textual information about the properties. MRIS sent a cease and desist letter to AHRN, and filed suit alleging various copyright claims after the parties failed to agree on a license to use the photographs. Ultimately, a district court in Maryland granted a motion made by MRIS for a preliminary injunction.

When we last left off, the district court had revised its preliminary injunction order to enjoin only AHRN’s use of MRIS’s photographs–not the compilation itself or any textual elements that may be considered a part of it. Since then, AHRN appealed the injunction. On July 18th, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed.

Background

shutterstock_108008486.jpgAHRN argued that MRIS failed to show a likelihood of success on its copyright infringement claim because MRIS: (1) failed to register its copyright in the individual photographs when it registered the database, and (2) did not have a copyright interest in the photographs because the subscribers’ electronic agreement to MRIS’s terms of use failed to transfer those rights.

 MRIS Did Not Fail to Register Its Interest in the Photographs

This first question revolved around the scope of MRIS’s registrations. AHRN argued that MRIS’s collective work registrations did not cover the individual photographs because MRIS did not identify the names of the authors and titles of those works. MRIS argued that 17 U.S.C. §409 did not require any such identification when applied to collective works, and that its general description of the pre-existing photographs’ inclusion sufficed.

The court began its discussion by noting the “ambiguous” nature of §409’s language and its varying judicial interpretations. Some courts have barred infringement suits because the collective work registrant failed to list the authors, while others have allowed infringement suits where the registrant owns the rights to the component works as well as the collective work.

In this case, the court agreed with MRIS and found that the latter approach was more consistent with the relevant statutes and regulations:

    Adding impediments to automated database authors’ attempts to register their own component works conflicts with the general purpose of Section 409 to encourage prompt registration . . . and thwarts the specific goal embodied in Section 408 of easing the burden on group registrations[.]

As part of its decision, the court looked favorably upon the 3Taps case, in which Craigslist sued 3Taps and Padmapper for scraping and repackaging its online classified ads. In that case, the court reasoned that it would be “inefficient” to require registrants to list each author of an extremely large number of component works to which the registrant already had obtained an exclusive license.

Having found that MRIS’s general description satisfied § 409’s pre-suit registration requirement, the court moved on to the merits of MRIS’s infringement claim–more specifically, the question of whether MRIS’s Terms of Use actually transferred a copyright interest to its subscribers’ photographs.

E-SIGN Applies to Assignments of Copyrights and Overrides § 204

AHRN challenged MRIS’s ownership of the photographs by arguing that an MLS subscriber’s electronic agreement to MRIS’s Terms of Use does not operate as an assignment of rights under § 204, which requires a signed “writing.”

In a bad sign for AHRN, the court began its discussion by volunteering an argument that MRIS did not even bring up:

    [I]n situations where “the copyright [author] appears to have no dispute with its [assignee] on this matter, it would be anomalous to permit a third party infringer to invoke [Section 204(a)’s signed writing requirement] against the [assignee].”

With that in mind, the court went on to discuss the E-SIGN act’s impact on the conveyance of copyrights. After establishing the meaning of “e-signature,” the court focused on whether the act was limited from covering this type of situation.

    The Act provides that it “does not . . . limit, alter, or otherwise affect any requirement imposed by a statute, regulation, or rule of law . . . other than a requirement that contracts or other records be written, signed, or in nonelectric form[.]”

The court emphasized the phrase “other than,” reasoning that a plain reading of the E-SIGN language showed that Congress intended the provisions to limit § 204. It also noted that Congress did not list copyright assignments among the various agreements to which E-SIGN did not apply–nor was there a catchall that included such assignments.

The court then turned to the Hermosilla case, in which a district court in Florida upheld the validity of a copyright conveyance via e-mail. It emphasized the Hermosilla court’s reliance on the purpose of § 204–“to resolve disputes between copyright owners and transferees and to protect copyright holders from persons mistakenly or fraudulently claiming oral licenses or copyright ownership.” The appellate court agreed with the Hermosilla court that allowing assignment via e-mail actually helped cut down on these types of disputes.

    To invalidate copyright transfer agreements solely because they were made electronically would thwart the clear congressional intent embodied in the E-Sign Act.

All in all, the court basically said “we don’t see why E-SIGN shouldn’t apply.” Note that it did not pass judgment specifically on whether MRIS’s Terms of Use constituted a valid contract. It simply mentioned that AHRN waived that argument by not bringing it up sooner.

Source: http://blog.ericgoldman.org/archives/2013/07/multiple_listin_1.htm

Web Scraping’s 2013 Review – part 2

As promised we came back with the second part of this year’s web scraping review. Today we will focus not only on events of 2013 that regarded web scraping but also Big data and what this year meant for this concept.

First of all, we could not talked about the conferences in which data mining was involved without talking about TED conferences. This year the speakers focused on the power of data analysis to help medicine and to prevent possible crises in third world countries. Regarding data mining, everyone agreed that this is one of the best ways to obtain virtual data.

Also a study by MeriTalk  a government IT networking group, ordered by NetApp showed this year that companies are not prepared to receive the informational revolution. The survey found that state and local IT pros are struggling to keep up with data demands. Just 59% of state and local agencies are analyzing the data they collect and less than half are using it to make strategic decisions. State and local agencies estimate that they have just 46% of the data storage and access, 42% of the computing power, and 35% of the personnel they need to successfully leverage large data sets.

Some economists argue that it is often difficult to estimate the true value of new technologies, and that Big Data may already be delivering benefits that are uncounted in official economic statistics. Cat videos and television programs on Hulu, for example, produce pleasure for Web surfers — so shouldn’t economists find a way to value such intangible activity, whether or not it moves the needle of the gross domestic product?

We will end this article with some numbers about the sumptuous growth of data available on the internet.  There were 30 billion gigabytes of video, e-mails, Web transactions and business-to-business analytics in 2005. The total is expected to reach more than 20 times that figure in 2013, with off-the-charts increases to follow in the years ahead, according to researches conducted by Cisco, so as you can see we have good premises to believe that 2014 will be at least as good as 2013.

Source:http://thewebminer.com/blog/2013/12/

Scraping Online Communities for your Outreach Campaigns

Online communities offer a wealth of intelligence for blog owners and business owners alike.

Exploring the data within popular communities will help you to understand who the major influencers are, what content is popular and who are the key content aggregators within your niche.

This is all fair and well to talk about, but is it feasible to be manually sorting through online communities to find this information out? Probably not.

This is where data scraping comes in.
What is Scraping and What Can it do?

I’m not going to go into great detail on what data scraping actually means, but to simplify this, here’s a definition from the Wikipedia page:

    “Data scraping is a technique in which a computer program extracts data from human-readable output coming from another program.”

Let me explain this with a little example…

Imagine a huge community full of individuals within your industry. Each person within the community has a personal profile page that contains information about their interests, contact details, social profiles, etc.

If you were tasked with gathering all of this data on all of the individuals then you might start to hyperventilating at the thought of all the copy and pasting you’d need to do.

Well, an alternative is to scrape all of this content so that you can automate all of this process and easily export all of this information into a manageable, more consumable format in a matter of seconds. It’d be pretty awesome, right?
Luckily for you, I’m going to show you how to do just that!
The Example of Inbound.org

Recently, I wanted to gather a list of digital marketers that were fairly active on social media and shared a lot of content online within communities. These people were going to be some of my core targets to get content from the blog in front of.

To do this, I first found some active communities online where these types of individuals hang out. Being a digital marketer myself, this process was fairly easy and I chose Inbound.org as my starting place.

Scoping out Data Requirements
Each community is different and you’ll be able to gather varying information within each.

The place to look for this information is within the individual user profile pages. This is usually where the contact information or links to social media accounts are likely to be displayed.

For this particular exercise, I wanted to gather the following information:

    Full name
    Job title
    Company name and URL
    Location
    Personal website URL
    Twitter URL, handle and follower/following stats
    Google+ URL, follower count and list of contributor URLs
    Profile image URL
    Facebook URL
    LinkedIn URL

With all of this information I’ll be able to get a huge amount of intelligence about the community members. I’ll also have a list of social media accounts to add and engage with.
On top of this, with all the information on their websites and sites that they write for, I’ll have a wealth of potential link building prospects to work on.

Inbound.org Profiles

You’ll see in the above screenshot that a few of the pieces of data are available to see on the Inbound.org user profiles. We’ll need to get the other bits of information from the likes of Twitter and Google+, but this will all stem from the scraping of Inbound.org.

Sign Up To My Newsletter
Scraping the Data

The idea behind this is that we can set up a template based on one of the user profiles and then automate the data gathering across the rest of the profiles on the site.

This is where you’ll need to install the SEO Tools plugin for Excel (it’s free). If you’ve not used this plugin before, don’t worry – I’ve put together a full tutorial here.

Once you’ve installed the plugin, you’re good to go on the actual scraping side of things…
Quick Note: Don’t worry if you don’t have a good knowledge of coding – you don’t need it. All you’ll need is a very basic understanding of reading some code and some basic Excel skills.

To begin with, you’ll need to do a little Excel admin. Simply add in some column titles based around the data that you’re gathering. For example, with my example of Inbound.org, I had, ‘Name’, ‘Position’, ‘Company’, ‘Company URL’, etc. which you can see in the screenshot below. You’ll also want to add in a sample profile URL to work on building the template around.

spreadsheet admin
Now it’s time to start getting hands on with XPath.
How to Use XPathOnURL()

This handy little formula is made possible within Excel by the SEO Tools plugin. Now, I’m going to keep this very basic because there are loads of XPath tutorials available online that can go into the very advanced queries that are possible to use.

For this, I’m simply going to show you how to get the data we want and you can have a play around yourself afterwards (you can download the full template at the end of this post).

Here’s an example of an XPath query that gathers the name of the person within the profile that we’re scraping:

=XPathOnUrl(A2, "//*[@id='user-profile']/h2")

A2 is simply referencing the cell that contains the URL that we’re scraping. You’ll see in the screenshot above that this is Jason Acidre’s profile page.

The next part of the formula is the XPath.

What this essentially says is to scrape through the HTML to find a tag that has ‘user-profile’ id attached to it. This could be a div, span, a or whatever.

Once it’s found this tag, it then needs to look at the first h2 tag within this area and grab the text within it. This is Jason’s name, which you’ll see in the screenshot below of the code:

website code

Don’t be put off at this stage because you don’t need to go manually trawling through code to build these queries, there’s a much simpler way.

The easiest way to do this is by right-clicking on the element you want to scrape on the webpage (within Chrome); for example, on Inbound.org, this would be the profile name. Now click ‘Inspect element’.

inspect element

The developer tools window should now appear at the bottom of your browser (or in a separate window). Within that, you should see the element that you’ve drilled down on.

All you need to do now is right-click on it and press ‘Copy XPath’.
copy XPath

This will now copy the XPath code for your Excel formula to the clipboard. You’ll just need to add in the first part of the query, i.e. =XPathOnUrl(A2,

You can then paste in the copied XPath after this and add a closing bracket.

Note: When you use ‘Copy XPath’ it will wrap some parts of the code in double apostrophes (“) which you’ll need to change to single apostrophes. You’ll also need to wrap the copied XPath in double apostrophes.

Your finished code will look like this:
=XPathOnUrl(A2, "//*[@id='user-profile']/h2")

You can then apply this formula against any Inbound.org profile and it will automatically grab the user’s full name. Pretty good, right?

Check out the full video tutorial below that I’ve put together that talks you through this whole process:

[sws_blue_box box_size=””] Want more useful video tutorials? Subscribe to my YouTube channel now![/sws_blue_box]

XPath Examples for Grabbing Other Data

As you’re probably starting to see, this technique could be scaled across any website online. This makes big data much more attainable and gives you the kind of results that an expensive paid tool would offer without any of the cost – bonus!

Here’s a few more examples of XPath that you can use in conjunction with the SEO Tools plugin within Excel to get some handy information.

Twitter Follower Count

If you want to grab the number of followers for a Twitter user then you can use the following formula. Simply replace A2 with the Twitter profile URL of the user you want data on. Just a quick word of warning with this one; it looks like it’s really long and complicated, but really I’ve just used another Excel formula to snip of the text ‘followers’ from the end.

=RIGHT(XPathOnUrl(D57,"//li[@class='ProfileNav-item ProfileNav-item--followers']"),LEN(XPathOnUrl(D57,"//li[@class='ProfileNav-item ProfileNav-item--followers']"))-10)

Google+ Follower Count

Like with the Twitter follower formula, you’ll need to replace A2 with the full Google+ profile URL of the user you want this data for.

=XPathOnUrl(H67,"//span[@class='BOfSxb']")

List of ‘Contributor to’ URLs

I don’t think I need to tell you the value of pulling in a list of websites that someone contributes content to. If you do want to know then check out this post that I wrote.

This formula is a little more complex than the rest. This is because I’m pulling in a list of URLs as opposed to just one entity. This requires me to use the StringJoin function to separate all of the outputs with a comma (or whatever character you’d like).

Also, you may notice that there is an additional section to the XPath query, “href”. This pulls in the link within the specific code block instead of the text.

As you’ll see in the full Inbound.org scraper template that I’ve made, this is how I pull in the Twitter, Google+, Facebook and LinkedIn profile links.

You’ll want to replace A2 with the Google+ profile URL of the person you wish to gather data on.

=StringJoin(", ",XPathOnUrl(A2,"//a[@rel='contributor-to nofollow']","href"))

Twitter Profile Image URL
If you want to get a large version of someone’s Twitter profile image then I’ve got just the thing for you.
Again, you’ll just need to substitute A2 with their Twitter profile URL.
=XPathOnUrl(A2,"//*[@class='profile-picture media-thumbnail js-tooltip']","data-resolved-url-large")


Some Findings from the Data I’ve Gathered

With all big data sets will come some interesting findings. Here’s a few little things that I’ve found from the top 100 influential users on Inbound.org.

average followers chart

The chart above maps out the average number of followers that the top 100 users have on both Twitter (12,959) and Google+ (9,601). As well as this, it shows the average number of users that they follow on Twitter (1,363).

The next thing that I’ve looked at is the job titles of the top 100 users. You can see the most common occurrences of terms within the tag cloud below:

Job titlesFinally, I had a look through all of the domains listed within each of the top 100 Inbound.org users’ Google+ ‘contributor to’ sections and mapped out the most frequently mentioned sites.

Here’s the spread of domains that were the most popular to be contributed to:

domain frequency
It Doesn’t Stop There

As you’ve probably gathered, this can be scaled out across pretty much any community/forum/directory/website online.

With this kind of intelligence in your armoury, you’ll be able to gather more intelligence on your targets and increase the effectiveness of your outreach campaigns dramatically.

Also, as promised, you can download my full Inbound.org scraper template below:

[sdfile url=”http://www.matthewbarby.com/goodies/MatthewBarby-Inbound-Scraper.xlsx” redirect=”http://www.matthewbarby.com/thanks-downloading-inbound-scraper/”]

TL;DR

    Online communities hold valuable data on your target audiences – use it!
    Scale out your intelligence gathering by brushing up on your XPath.
    Download my Inbound.org scraper template and let it work its magic.

Source: http://www.matthewbarby.com/scraping-communities-with-xpath/

Outsourcing Data Mining is a Wise Business Decision

Most businesses nowadays have a large volume of raw data that is never processed, because of the lack of time or resources. If your business is facing a similar situation, then you are missing out on valuable information. Without the right information, your company will be unable to make accurate business decisions.

The right information can play a key role in promoting the growth of your business. When unprocessed data is entered, filtered, classified and converted into a workable format, it can be used to maximize your profits, ameliorate your risks and run a seamless workflow.

Over the years, data mining has proved to be extremely useful in various industries, be it, healthcare, direct marketing, e-commerce, finance, customer relationship management or telecommunications. With the right information, companies have been able to make fast and effective business decisions.

Why outsource data mining?

Data mining requires the expertise of professional business and financial analysts who understand how to acquire important information from vast amounts of data. If data mining is done in-house, it can become expensive and time consuming. It can also shift your focus away from core business activities. Outsourcing data mining on the other hand is more fast, cost-effective and can give you access to professional services.

4 commonly outsourced data mining functions

Most companies outsource one or more of the following data mining functions to India:

1. Data congregation: Data is extracted from various web pages and websites, by using methods like web and screen scraping. The collected data is then entered into a database.

2. Contact data collection: Different websites are searched and information concerning contacts is collected.

3. E-commerce data: Data about varied online stores are collected, taking into account information about prices, discounts and products.

4. Data about competitors: Data about business competitors are collected to help a company gauge itself against its competition. With such valuable data, you can effectively re-design your marketing strategy and pricing matrix.

8 advantages of outsourcing data mining to India

With data mining out of your hands, your business can make huge savings in terms of time, money and infrastructure. The following are some of the benefits that you can leverage by outsourcing data mining to India:

    Get qualified and highly skilled data mining experts to work for you at an extremely affordable cost

    Be assured of the quality of information, as Indian data entry companies only extract information from reliable websites and databases

    Save on the cost of investing on the latest data mining software and technology, as your Indian service provider will be making these investments

    Get your data processed within a short turnaround time of 3,6 or 12 hours as Indian data mining companies can provide efficient data mining within a few hours

    When compared to in-house data mining, outsourcing data mining can be a lot cheaper and also bring you better results

    Stay assured about the complete privacy, security and confidentiality of your valuable data as Indian data mining companies use the latest technology to ensure 100% safety

    Get access to data with a wide market coverage as your Indian data mining provider will be serving many business with varied data mining needs

    Improve your overall productivity and generate more profits by making informed decisions about your business

Have you outsourced data mining before? If yes, which data mining service did you outsource? Did you find outsourcing more advantageous that in-house data mining. Let us know.

Source: http://blog.flatworldsolutions.com/outsourcing-data-mining-is-a-wise-business-decision/

Scraping websites using the Scraper extension for Chrome

If you are using Google Chrome there is a browser extension for scraping web pages. It’s called “Scraper” and it is easy to use. It will help you scrape a website’s content and upload the results to google docs.

Walkthrough: Scraping a website with the Scraper extension

•     Open Google Chrome and click on Chrome Web Store
•     Search for “Scraper” in extensions
•     The first search result is the “Scraper” extension
•     Click the add to chrome button.
•     Now let’s go back to the listing of UK MPs
•     Open http://www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/mps/
•     Now mark the entry for one MP
•     http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8490/8264509932_6cc8802992_o_d.png
•     Right click and select “scrape similar…”
•     http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8200/8264509972_f3a9e5d8e8_o_d.png
•     A new window will appear – the scraper console
•     http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8073/8263440961_9b94e63d56_b_d.jpg
•     In the scraper console you will see the scraped content
•     Click on “Save to Google Docs…” to save the scraped content as a Google Spreadsheet.

Walkthrough: extended scraping with the Scraper extension

Note: Before beginning this recipe – you may find it useful to understand a bit about HTML. Read our HTML primer.

Easy wasn’t it? Now let’s do something a little more complicated. Let’s say we’re interested in the roles a specific actress played. The source for all kinds of data on this is the IMDB (You can also search on sites like DBpedia or Freebase for this kinds of information; however, we’ll stick to IMDB to show the principle)

    Let’s say we’re interested in creating a timeline with all the movies the Italian actress Asia Argento ever starred; where do we start?

    The IMDB has a quite comprehensive archive of actors. Asia Argento’s site is: http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000782/

    If you open the page you’ll see all the roles she ever played, together with a title and the year – let’s scrape this information

    Try to scrape it like we did above

    You’ll see the list comes out garbled – this is because the list here is structured quite differently.

    Go to the scraper console. Notice the small box on the upper left, saying XPath?

    XPath is a query language for HTML and XML.

    XPath can help you find the elements in the page you’re interested in – all you need to do is find the right element and then write the xpath for it.

    Now let’s assemble our table.

    You’ll see that our current Xpath – the one including the whole information is “//div[3]/div[3]/div[2]/div”

    http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8344/8264510130_ae31697fde_o_d.png

    Xpath is very simple it tells the computer to look at the HTML document and select <div> element number 3, then in this the third one, the second one and then all <div> elements (which if you count down our list, results in exactly where you are right now.

•     However, we’d like to have the data separated out.
•     To do this use the columns part of the scraper console…
•     Let’s find our title first – look at the title using Inspect Element
•     http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8355/8263441157_b4672d01b2_o_d.png
•     See how the title is within a <b> tag? Let’s add the tag to our xpath.
•     The expression seems to work well: let’s make this our first column
•     In the “Columns” section, change the name of the first column to “title”
•     Now let’s add the XPATH for the title to it
•     The xpaths in the columns section are relative, that means “./b” will select the <b> element
•     add “./b” to the xpath for the title column and click “scrape”
•     http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8357/8263441315_42d6a8745d_o_d.png
•     See how you only get titles?
•     Now let’s continue for year? Years are within one <span>
•     Create a new column by clicking on the small plus next to your “title” column
•     Now create the “year” column with xpath “./span”
•     http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8347/8263441355_89f4315a78_o_d.png
•     Click on scrape and see how the year is added
•     See how easily we got information out of a less structured webpage?

Source: http://schoolofdata.org/handbook/recipes/scraper-extension-for-chrome/

Screen-scraping with WWW::Mechanize

Screen-scraping is the process of emulating an interaction with a Web site - not just downloading pages, but filling out forms, navigating around the site, and dealing with the HTML received as a result. As well as for traditional lookups of information - like the example we'll be exploring in this article - we can use screen-scraping to enhance a Web service into doing something the designers hadn't given us the power to do in the first place. Here's an example:

I do my banking online, but get quickly bored with having to go to my bank's site, log in, navigate around to my accounts and check the balance on each of them. One quick Perl module (Finance::Bank::HSBC) later, and now I can loop through each of my accounts and print their balances, all from a shell prompt. Some more code, and I can do something the bank's site doesn't ordinarily let me - I can treat my accounts as a whole instead of individual accounts, and find out how much money I have, could possibly spend, and owe, all in total.

Another step forward would be to schedule a crontab every day to use the HSBC option to download a copy of my transactions in Quicken's QIF format, and use Simon Cozens' Finance::QIF module to interpret the file and run those transactions against a budget, letting me know whether I'm spending too much lately. This takes a simple Web-based system from being merely useful to being automated and bespoke; if you can think of how to write the code, then you can do it. (It's probably wise for me to add the caveat, though, that you should be extremely careful working with banking information programatically, and even more careful if you're storing your login details in a Perl script somewhere.)

Back to screen-scrapers, and introducing WWW::Mechanize, written by Andy Lester and based on Skud's WWW::Automate. Mechanize allows you to go to a URL and explore the site, following links by name, taking cookies, filling in forms and clicking "submit" buttons. We're also going to use HTML::TokeParser to process the HTML we're given back, which is a process I've written about previously.

The site I've chosen to demonstrate on is the BBC's Radio Times site, which allows users to create a "Diary" for their favorite TV programs, and will tell you whenever any of the programs is showing on any channel. Being a London Perl M[ou]nger, I have an obsession with Buffy the Vampire Slayer. If I tell this to the BBC's site, then it'll tell me when the next episode is, and what the episode name is - so I can check whether it's one I've seen before. I'd have to remember to log into their site every few days to check whether there was a new episode coming along, though. Perl to the rescue! Our script will check to see when the next episode is and let us know, along with the name of the episode being shown.

Here's the code:

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w
  use strict;
  use WWW::Mechanize;
  use HTML::TokeParser;

If you're going to run the script yourself, then you should register with the Radio Times site and create a diary, before giving the e-mail address you used to do so below.

  my $email = ";
  die "Must provide an e-mail address" unless $email ne ";

We create a WWW::Mechanize object, and tell it the address of the site we'll be working from. The Radio Times' front page has an image link with an ALT text of "My Diary", so we can use that to get to the right section of the site:

  my $agent = WWW::Mechanize->new();
  $agent->get("http://www.radiotimes.beeb.com/");
  $agent->follow("My Diary");

The returned page contains two forms - one to allow you to choose from a list box of program types, and then a login form for the diary function. We tell WWW::Mechanize to use the second form for input. (Something to remember here is that WWW::Mechanize's list of forms, unlike an array in Perl, is indexed starting at 1 rather than 0. Our index is, therefore,'2.')

  $agent->form(2);

Now we can fill in our e-mail address for the '<INPUT name="email" type="text">' field, and click the submit button. Nothing too complicated.

  $agent->field("email", $email);
  $agent->click();

WWW::Mechanize moves us to our diary page. This is the page we need to process to find the date details from. Upon looking at the HTML source for this page, we can see that the HTML we need to work through is something like:

  <input>
  <tr><td></td></tr>
  <tr><td></td><td></td><td class="bluetext">Date of episode</td></tr>
  <td></td><td></td>
  <td class="bluetext"><b>Time of episode</b></td></tr>
  <a href="page_with_episode_info"></a>

This can be modeled with HTML::TokeParser as below. The important methods to note are get_tag - which will move the stream on to the next opening for the tag given - and get_trimmed_text, which returns the text between the current and given tags. For example, for the HTML code "<b>Bold text here</b>", my $tag = get_trimmed_text("/b") would return "Bold text here" to $tag.

Also note that we're initializing HTML::TokeParser on '\$agent->{content}' - this is an internal variable for WWW::Mechanize, exposing the HTML content of the current page.

  my $stream = HTML::TokeParser->new(\$agent->{content});
  my $date;
    # <input>
  $stream->get_tag("input");
  # <tr><td></td></tr><tr>
  $stream->get_tag("tr"); $stream->get_tag("tr");
  # <td></td><td></td>
  $stream->get_tag("td"); $stream->get_tag("td");
  # <td class="bluetext">Date of episode</td></tr>
  my $tag = $stream->get_tag("td");
  if ($tag->[1]{class} and $tag->[1]{class} eq "bluetext") {
      $date = $stream->get_trimmed_text("/td");
      # The date contains '&nbsp;', which we'll translate to a space.
      $date =~ s/\xa0/ /g;
  }
   # <td></td><td></td>
  $stream->get_tag("td");
  # <td class="bluetext"><b>Time of episode</b> 
  $tag = $stream->get_tag("td");
  if ($tag->[1]{class} eq "bluetext") {
      $stream->get_tag("b");
      # This concatenates the time of the showing to the date.
      $date .= ", from " . $stream->get_trimmed_text("/b");
  }
  # </td></tr><a href="page_with_episode_info"></a>
  $tag = $stream->get_tag("a");
  # Match the URL to find the page giving episode information.
  $tag->[1]{href} =~ m!src=(http://.*?)'!;

We have a scalar, $date, containing a string that looks something like "Thursday 23 January, from 6:45pm to 7:30pm.", and we have an URL, in $1, that will tell us more about that episode. We tell WWW::Mechanize to go to the URL:

  $agent->get($1);

The navigation we want to perform on this page is far less complex than on the last page, so we can avoid using a TokeParser for it - a regular expression should suffice. The HTML we want to parse looks something like this:

  <br><b>Episode</b><br>  The Episode Title<br>

We use a regex delimited with '!' in order to avoid having to escape the slashes present in the HTML, and store any number of alphanumeric characters after some whitespace, all between <br> tags after the Episode header:

  $agent->{content} =~ m!<br><b>Episode</b><br>\s+?(\w+?)<br>!;

$1 now contains our episode, and all that's left to do is print out what we've found:

  my $episode = $1;
  print "The next Buffy episode ($episode) is on $date.\n";

And we're all set. We can run our script from the shell:

  $ perl radiotimes.pl

  The next Buffy episode (Gone) is Thursday Jan. 23, from 6:45 to 7:30 p.m.
I hope this gives a light-hearted introduction to the usefulness of the modules involved. As a note for your own experiments, WWW::Mechanize supports cookies - in that the requestor is a normal LWP::UserAgent object - but they aren't enabled by default. If you need to support cookies, then your script should call "use HTTP::Cookies; $agent->cookie_jar(HTTP::Cookies->new);" on your agent object in order to enable session-volatile cookies for your own code.
Happy screen-scraping, and may you never miss a Buffy episode again.

Source: http://www.perl.com/pub/2003/01/22/mechanize.html

Why Businesses Need Data Scraping Service?

With the ever-increasing popularity of internet technology there is an abundance of knowledge processing information that can be used as gold if used in a structured format. We all know the importance of information. It has indeed become a valuable commodity and most sought after product for businesses. With widespread competition in businesses there is always a need to strive for better performances.

Taking this into consideration web data scraping service has become an inevitable component of businesses as it is highly useful in getting relevant information which is accurate. In the initial periods data scraping process included copying and pasting data information which was not relevant because it required intensive labor and was very costly. But now with the help of new data scraping tools like Mozenda, it is possible to extract data from websites easily. You can also take the help of data scrapers and data mining experts that scrape the data and automatically keep record of it.

How Professional Data Scraping Companies and Data Mining Experts Device a Solution?

Data Scraping Plan and Solutions

ImageCredit:http://www.loginworks.com/images/newscapingpage/data-as-service-plan.png

Why Data Scraping is Highly Essential for Businesses?

Data scraping is highly essential for every industry especially Hospitality, eCommerce, Research and Development, Healthcare, Financial and data scraping can be useful in marketing industry, real estate industry by scraping properties, agents, sites etc., travel and tourism industry etc. The reason for that is it is one of those industries where there is cut-throat competition and with the help of data scraping tools it is possible to extract useful information pertaining to preferences of customers, their preferred location, strategies of your competitors etc.

It is very important in today’s dynamic business world to understand the requirements of your customers and their preferences. This is because customers are the king of the market they determine the demand. Web data scraping process will help you in getting this vital information. It will help you in making crucial decisions which are highly critical for the success of business. With the help of data scraping tools you can automate the data scraping process which can result in increased productivity and accuracy.

Reasons Why Businesses Opt. For Website Data Scraping Solutions:

Website Scraping
Demand For New Data:

There is an overflowing demand for new data for businesses across the globe. This is due to increase in competition. The more information you have about your products, competitors, market etc. the better are your chances of expanding and persisting in competitive business environment. The manner in which data extraction process is followed is also very important; as mere data collection is useless. Today there is a need for a process through which you can utilize the information for the betterment of the business. This is where data scraping process and data scraping tools come into picture.

ImageCredit:3idatascraping.com
Capitalize On Hot Updates:

Today simple data collection is not enough to sustain in the business world. There is a need for getting up to date information. There are times when you will have the information pertaining to the trends in the market for your business but they would not be updated. During such times you will lose out on critical information. Hence; today in businesses it is a must to have recent information at your disposal.

The more recent update you have pertaining to the services of your business the better it is for your growth and sustenance. We are already seeing lot of innovation happening in the field of businesses hence; it is very important to be on your toes and collect relevant information with the help of data scrapers. With the help of data scrapping tools you can stay abreast with the latest developments in your business albeit; by spending extra money but it is necessary tradeoff in order to grow in your business or be left behind like a laggard.

Analyzing Future Demands:

Foreknowledge about the various major and minor issues of your industry will help you in assessing the future demand of your product / service. With the help of data scraping process; data scrapers can gather information pertaining to possibilities in business or venture you are involved in. You can also remain alert for changes, adjustments, and analysis of all aspects of your products and services.

Appraising Business:

It is very important to regularly analyze and evaluate your businesses. For that you need to evaluate whether the business goals have been met or not. It is important for businesses to know about your own performance. For example; for your businesses if the world market decides to lower the prices in order to grow their customer base you need to be prepared whether you can remain in the industry despite lowering the price. This can be done only with the help of data scraping process and data scraping tools.

Source:http://www.habiledata.com/blog/why-businesses-need-data-scraping-service

Web Scraping Enters Politics

Web scraping is becoming an essential tool in gaining an edge over everything about just anything. This is proven by international news on US political campaigns, specifically by identifying wealthy donors. As is commonly known, election campaigns should follow a rule regarding the use of a certain limited amount of money for the expenses of each candidate. Being so, much of the campaign activities must be paid by supporters and sponsors.

It is not a surprise then that even politics is lured to make use of the dynamic and ever growing data mining processes. Once again, web mining has proven to be an essential component of almost all levels of human existence, the society, and the world as a whole. It proves its extraordinary capacity to dig precious information to reach the much aspired for goals of every individual.

Mining for personal information

The CBC News online very recently disclosed that the US Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney has used data mining in order to identify rich donors. It is reported that the act of getting personal information such as the buying history and church attendance were vital in this incident. Through this information, the party was able to identify prospective rich donors and indeed tap them. As a businessman himself, Romney knows exactly how to fish and where the fat fish are. Moreover, what is unique about the identified donors is that they have never been donating before.

Source:http://www.loginworks.com/blogs/web-scraping-blogs/web-scraping-enters-politics/

Scraping webdata from a website that loads data in a streaming fashion

I'm trying to scrape some data off of the FEC.gov website using python for a project of mine. Normally I use python

mechanize and beautifulsoup to do the scraping.

I've been able to figure out most of the issues but can't seem to get around a problem. It seems like the data is

streamed into the table and mechanize.Browser() just stops listening.

So here's the issue: If you visit http://query.nictusa.com/cgi-bin/can_ind/2011_P80003338/1/A ... you get the first 500

contributors whose last name starts with A and have given money to candidate P80003338 ... however, if you use

browser.open() at that url all you get is the first ~5 rows.

I'm guessing its because mechanize isn't letting the page fully load before the .read() is executed. I tried putting a

time.sleep(10) between the .open() and .read() but that didn't make much difference.

And I checked, there's no javascript or AJAX in the website (or at least none are visible when you use the 'view-

source'). SO I don't think its a javascript issue.

Any thoughts or suggestions? I could use selenium or something similar but that's something that I'm trying to avoid.

-Will

2 Answers

Why not use an html parser like lxml with xpath expressions.

I tried

>>> import lxml.html as lh
>>> data = lh.parse('http://query.nictusa.com/cgi-bin/can_ind/2011_P80003338/1/A')
>>> name = data.xpath('/html/body/table[2]/tr[5]/td[1]/a/text()')
>>> name
[' AABY, TRYGVE']
>>> name = data.xpath('//table[2]/*/td[1]/a/text()')
>>> len(name)
500
>>> name[499]
' AHMED, ASHFAQ'
>>>



Similarly, you can create xpath expression of your choice to work with.


Source: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9435512/scraping-webdata-from-a-website-that-loads-data-in-a-streaming-

fashion

How can I circumvent page view limits when scraping web data using Python?

I am using Python to scrape US postal code population data from http:/www.city-data.com, through this directory: http://www.city-data.com/zipDir.html. The specific pages I am trying to scrape are individual postal code pages with URLs like this: http://www.city-data.com/zips/01001.html. All of the individual zip code pages I need to access have this same URL Format, so my script simply does the following for postal_code in range:

    Creates URL given postal code
    Tries to get response from URL
    If (2), Check the HTTP of that URL
    If HTTP is 200, retrieves the HTML and scrapes the data into a list
    If HTTP is not 200, pass and count error (not a valid postal code/URL)
    If no response from URL because of error, pass that postal code and count error
    At end of script, print counter variables and timestamp

The problem is that I run the script and it works fine for ~500 postal codes, then suddenly stops working and returns repeated timeout errors. My suspicion is that the site's server is limiting the page views coming from my IP address, preventing me from completing the amount of scraping that I need to do (all 100,000 potential postal codes).

My question is as follows: Is there a way to confuse the site's server, for example using a proxy of some kind, so that it will not limit my page views and I can scrape all of the data I need?

Thanks for the help! Here is the code:

##POSTAL CODE POPULATION SCRAPER##

import requests

import re

import datetime

def zip_population_scrape():

    """
    This script will scrape population data for postal codes in range
    from city-data.com.
    """
    postal_code_data = [['zip','population']] #list for storing scraped data

    #Counters for keeping track:
    total_scraped = 0
    total_invalid = 0
    errors = 0


    for postal_code in range(1001,5000):

        #This if statement is necessary because the postal code can't start
        #with 0 in order for the for statement to interate successfully
        if postal_code <10000:
            postal_code_string = str(0)+str(postal_code)
        else:
            postal_code_string = str(postal_code)

        #all postal code URLs have the same format on this site
        url = 'http://www.city-data.com/zips/' + postal_code_string + '.html'

        #try to get current URL
        try:
            response = requests.get(url, timeout = 5)
            http = response.status_code

            #print current for logging purposes
            print url +" - HTTP:  " + str(http)

            #if valid webpage:
            if http == 200:

                #save html as text
                html = response.text

                #extra print statement for status updates
                print "HTML ready"

                #try to find two substrings in HTML text
                #add the substring in between them to list w/ postal code
                try:           

                    found = re.search('population in 2011:</b> (.*)<br>', html).group(1)

                    #add to # scraped counter
                    total_scraped +=1

                    postal_code_data.append([postal_code_string,found])

                    #print statement for logging
                    print postal_code_string + ": " + str(found) + ". Data scrape successful. " + str(total_scraped) + " total zips scraped."
                #if substrings not found, try searching for others
                #and doing the same as above   
                except AttributeError:
                    found = re.search('population in 2010:</b> (.*)<br>', html).group(1)

                    total_scraped +=1

                    postal_code_data.append([postal_code_string,found])
                    print postal_code_string + ": " + str(found) + ". Data scrape successful. " + str(total_scraped) + " total zips scraped."

            #if http =404, zip is not valid. Add to counter and print log        
            elif http == 404:
                total_invalid +=1

                print postal_code_string + ": Not a valid zip code. " + str(total_invalid) + " total invalid zips."

            #other http codes: add to error counter and print log
            else:
                errors +=1

                print postal_code_string + ": HTTP Code Error. " + str(errors) + " total errors."

        #if get url fails by connnection error, add to error count & pass
        except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
            errors +=1
            print postal_code_string + ": Connection Error. " + str(errors) + " total errors."
            pass

        #if get url fails by timeout error, add to error count & pass
        except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
            errors +=1
            print postal_code_string + ": Timeout Error. " + str(errors) + " total errors."
            pass


    #print final log/counter data, along with timestamp finished
    now= datetime.datetime.now()
    print now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    print str(total_scraped) + " total zips scraped."
    print str(total_invalid) + " total unavailable zips."
    print str(errors) + " total errors."



Source: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25452798/how-can-i-circumvent-page-view-limits-when-scraping-web-data-using-python